Refining of hydrocarbon oils



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Patented Apr. 18, 1933 STTES JACQUE Ci MQRBELL, 0F @HICAGO, ILLINQIS, ASSIGNOR T0 UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A GORPOBATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA EFINEWG 01E HYDRQCAEBQN OILS This invention relates to the treatment of hydrocarbon oils, and in particular to cracked hydrocarbon oils. It refers especially to the treatment of such oils in the vapor phase.

Hcretofore; petroleum distillates have been treated in the vapor phase by passing the vapors through earthy material such as lullers earth, for the purpose of removing undesirable substances from the distillates but such processes have been directed primarily to the removal of color forming compounds Such processes have not been suitable for the removal of sulphur cornprnnmls for even the simplest types present in petroleum distilates have been practically unafiected by the recess.- @n the contrary, it is believed that sulphur compounds inhibit the proper action of the iuller s earth ion-refining" the distillatesr in the present practice of the art the oil vapors tor example crashed hydrocarbon vapors are passed through a hed or layer of fullcrs earth which removes such compounds the diolefins, or highly unsaturated compounds, .presuniabl I action lraown as polymerization, it has been noted the reaction is not so efiective and the yield of distillate per ton ct clay considerahly cut down by the presence of sulphur compounds in the oil vapors. The present in vention, theretoreyhas for its purpose the promotion of the action of adsorbent earth lay removing, in whole or in part, some of the interfering sulphur'cornpounds which in itself is adesirable aim. In particular, the earthy adsorbent material such as tullers earth, active clays, beauxite, etc, is mixed with alkaline substances, such as sodium hydronide calcium oxide, potassium hydroxide, or mixtures of these, for example, the commercial mixture referred to as soda lime. in some cases it has been found useful to add to the mixture a small quantity oi a metallic orrldo such as lead oxide for the purpose oi reacting with some specific sulphur comound such as mercnptanso Also the introuction oil steam air; oxygen in small quan is heneficialu In carrying out the process any suitable up; aratus permitting the passage oi the vathrough the treating mimture may he mixture.

Ly by the type of chemical hpgllcatlon nlcd November 11, 1929. serial No. 406,523.

used. .The vapors may be passed upwardly or downwardly and necessary arrangements are made for the withdrawal of liquid prod ucts.

As an example, a mixture containing 75% of tullers earth and 20% soda lo and 5% lead oxide is placed in a container suitably connected to a still and a condenser A pres sure distillate of 52 Baum gravity containing 85% gasoline and 15% pressure distillate bottoms is subjected to distillation conditions so that the gasoline vapor passes through the The resulting gasoline had a Baum gravity of 57.5, an initial boilin point of 105 181 an end point of 435 F, a uayholt color plus 25 and was stable hoth in storage and on a reasonable exposure to sunlight The sulphur content of the pressure QllSlJll late was 0.5% and that of the resulting gase line was 0.15% Similar were oletained when distilling end point gasohine directly through the equipment lhe process is adapted to he directly connected to a craeh= ing unit or to a re=run still, and vapors cor responding to the boiling range of any desired product may be treated,

it claim:

l A process of refining cracked ydrocars hon distillates containing highly unsatu rated hydrocarbons which comprises passing the same in vapor term thru adsorbent earthy material containing soda lime,

2 A process of refining cracked hydrocarhon distillates containing highly unsaturated hydrocarhons which comprises passing the same in vapor form than adsorbent earthy material containing soda lime and a lead oxide.

In testimony whereof l as my signature.

' JACQUE Cu MORRELL.

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